Can you imagine that in the early days of the founding of the People\’s Republic of China, when someone went to the Soviet Union to negotiate for assistance in the aviation industry with no foundation, the other party looked at it with suspicion or even disdain? In 1951, He Changgong set foot on the soil of the Soviet Union with such an arduous mission. At that time, the domestic aviation industry was almost blank, but it had to fight hard for the aviation dream of New China at the international negotiation table. What kind of difficulties will he encounter at that critical moment? How will they use all their strength to reverse the situation? Let us walk into this thrilling historical story together.

1. The war gave birth to the aviation dream

We all know that in 1950, the Korean War suddenly broke out, and the war \” \”Poof!\” It burned all the way to the Yalu River in China. Seeing this situation, on October 21, our Chinese People’s Volunteers entered North Korea to fight with great courage. Although we fought some good battles at the beginning and suppressed the arrogance of the Yankees, the enemy was not stupid. Seeing that China and North Korea had no air superiority, they sent a bunch of planes to bomb our ground troops and Transportation lines and even the skies in our country are no longer safe. They are made smoky by those planes every day.

At this time, everyone understood that if we want to have the last laugh in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, we must keep our own sky If we don\’t want to be bullied casually, we must quickly establish a powerful air force andhave our own aviation industry. This is our top priority!

2. He Changgong asked to fight

At a Central Finance Committee meeting He Changgong, who was acting minister of the Ministry of Heavy Industry at the time, stood up and expressed his thoughts on accelerating the aviation industry. When Director Chen Yun, Deputy Directors Li Fuchun and Bo Yibo heard this, they all thought it was a good idea and nodded in approval. However, some comrades have different views and feel that developing the aviation industry is too difficult and unrealistic. He Changgong had no choice but to go to Premier Zhou and Chairman Mao to discuss the matter.Report the situation. When Chairman Mao heard this, he waved his hand and said, \”He Changgong did a good job. This matter should have been dealt with quickly!\” He immediately decided to send He Changgong as the group leader and lead the representatives. The delegation went to the Soviet Union and talked with them about assisting our country in developing its aviation industry.

He Changgong

Before departure, Premier Zhou held He Changgong\’s hand and urged: \”This time when we go to the Soviet Union to negotiate, we must be modest. We must have a good talk with the Soviet comrades. We China In the aviation industry, we basically start from scratch. We have no foundation at all. We have to build it up bit by bit from scratch to make them feel confident. He Changgong was quite interesting and asked the Prime Minister with a smile: \”Prime Minister, how much power do I, the leader of the delegation, have?\” The Prime Minister was also amused by him. , smiled and said: \”You are the plenipotentiary, and what you say means it!\”

Zhou Enlai

3. First meeting with Vyshinsky

January 1, 1951 On the first day of the New Year, He Changgong and his delegation set off from Beijing facing the first ray of sunshine of the New Year. Along the way, everyone felt heavy in their hearts. They knew that this task was difficult, but they were all holding back their energy. When you arrive in the Soviet Union, as soon as you get off the plane,Seeing the first deputy minister of the Soviet Union\’s Foreign Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Glomyko was waiting to greet them there.

He Changgong thought first The person in charge of the Soviet Party\’s negotiations, the member of the Political Bureau of the CPSU and the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Veinsky. This Veinsky is a veteran diplomat in the Soviet Union. He wore a strong minister\’s uniform. The cuffs and collar are inlaid with bright and glittering Phnom Penh, looking at the particularly elegant school. Let\’s look at the people of He Changgong and their delegations, all wearing ordinary suit. In the eyes of Veinsky, they may be no different from the \”earth buns\”. Obviously, he can see that he looks down on people.

Just sit down and start chatting Veinsky shook his head straight and did not agree with China\’s establishment of the aviation industry. He held his mouth and said, \”You China, there is no industrial foundation at all, and he can\’t even create an airplane tire. He still wants to engage in the aviation industry? Isn\’t this a god? In this case, I was not very happy, but I still smiled on my face, saying, \”What\’s wrong with this? Chairman Mao sent a telegram to Marshal Stalin, and Marshal Stalin nodded at a little bit. Well! Viski listened and shrugged, which means that it was said that He Changgong thought too simple.

4. The language exchange shows his edge

He Changgong did not show weakness, arguing with him in English and French: \”What? Do you look down on us Chinese? Let me tell you, we Chinese are not stupid, nor are we stupid. Sooner or later, we can learn the things you know, and maybe we can learn them better than you! \”Vyshinski was quite surprised now. He didn\’t expect that this seemingly inconspicuous person could actually speak several languages, and he could speak them quite fluently. He looked at He Changgong carefully and was curious. He asked: \”Which military school did you graduate from? Why do I look at you like a middle school English teacher? He Changgong laughed and said: \”I graduated from Guerrilla University. I have been struggling in the University of War for many years. I am also a top student at Mao Zedong Strategic University!\” My academic qualifications are not ordinary. For 22 years, I waited until the five-star red flag was raised on Tiananmen Square, and then I received the collective diploma. ”

5. Intense negotiations have twists and turns

This negotiation is like a war. You come and go, and the arguments are very special. Fierce. Once, He Changgong stood up in anger and said that he wanted to call Stalin. When Veshinsky heard this, his eyes widened and he quickly stopped him and asked anxiously: \”Why are you calling Stalin?\” He Changgong said unhurriedly: \”First, Stalin took care of Hitler, which made people all over the world breathe a sigh of relief. We have to thank him and congratulate him by the way; second, ask him How is your health? Thirdly, I want to sue you! You say you are an internationalist, but in fact you are a patriot and two-faced. Now you say you are in favor, and now you are against it. There are more objections than approvals. Aren’t you sincerely making things difficult for us? ”

Stalin

These words stimulated Vyshinsky. He let out an \”oops\” and said, \”I have received so many delegations. , no one has ever said that they would file a complaint against me to Stalin! You are truly the most naughty person I have ever seen! He Changgong replied with a smile: \”I\’m pretty good, just moderately \’naughty\’, and even more powerful.\”Didn\’t come. If it weren\’t for us \’naughty\’ people, could Chiang Kai-shek\’s eight million army be defeated? ”

6. Tell the truth and turn the ice

Actually, Wyszynski doesn’t have any bad intentions towards China, he just doesn’t know much about China’s situation. Changgong noticed it and told him the story of the Chinese revolution, which started out weak and grew stronger step by step, and finally defeated Chiang Kai-shek. He told him how determined and confident the Chinese Communists were in building a new China. How capable he is.

He Changgong had long expected that this negotiation would not be smooth sailing, but he did not expect it to be so intense at the beginning. He knew in his heart that Wysinski was the key figure in this negotiation. , if you can\’t convince him, there is basically no hope for this negotiation. Although He Changgong\’s words were a bit irritable this time, he was reasonable and didn\’t say anything too much, and the effect was quite good, which can be regarded as a formal negotiation later. A good start

7. Good news about the agreement

In this way, after 18 days of arduous negotiations, the two sides finally reached a draft of the \”Sino-Soviet Aviation Industry Technical Agreement.\” The draft was sent to Stalin that morning. Stalin also paid great attention to it and approved it at around two o\’clock in the afternoon. We must support Chinese brothers in developing the aviation industry. China has a poor foundation and we must do our best to help. \”

After the agreement was signed, Vyshinsky set up a table of good wine and food to see the delegation off. He picked up the wine glass and said with a smile on his face: \”This Sino-Soviet negotiation can be a complete success. , so great! \”Everyone was also very happy and raised their glasses to celebrate the friendship between the people of China and the Soviet Union. Vyshinsky also joked with He Changgong: \”Comrade He, next time you come to the Soviet Union, you have to bring two The flight group landed in Moscow’s Red Square! He Changgong replied with a smile: \”Maybe I will bring three more groups!\” \”This made everyone present laugh.

Conclusion

He Changgong used his wisdom, courage and firm belief to successfully open the door to Sino-Soviet aviation industry cooperation and laid the foundation for the development of the aviation industry in New China. Now, when we look back at this period of history, we can’t help but sigh at the difficulty and greatness of our ancestors. But if it were you, in such a difficult negotiation situation, what unique response would you have? Which of He Changgong\’s practices do you think are most admirable? Welcome to share your views in the comment area, let us cherish the memory of our ancestors, draw on the strength of forge ahead, and look forward to a more glorious tomorrow for our motherland!