Big City, Little Love ⑥ | Come to Yongqingfang to \”encounter\” Zhan Tianyou

▶ Zhan Tianyou’s Former Residence Memorial Hall

Zhan Tianyou’s Former Residence Memorial Hall is located at No. 42, Yacai 2nd Lane, Twelffu West Street, Enning Road, Liwan District. It is an authentic Xiguan house. Next to the memorial hall is a primary school named after Zhan Tianyou. A small green garden connects the former residence and the school. There is a miniature \’herringbone\’ railway and the \”Badaling Great Wall\” built in the garden, which is a reference to the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. commemorate.

In China, Zhan Tianyou is a household name. Most people have learned a text called \”Zhan Tianyou\” when they were in primary school, which tells the story of Zhan Tianyou building the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. In addition to textbooks, he has many outstanding achievements: he used the pneumatic caisson method to build bridge piers for the first time in my country, was the first to introduce Jane\’s automatic hook to China, which is still in use today, joined the \”British Institution of Civil Engineers\” and became the first Chinese member… Zhan Tianyou is known as the \”Father of China\’s Railways\” and \”The Father of China\’s Modern Engineering\”. He is the pioneer and founder of my country\’s national railway industry. But many people may not know that Zhan Tianyou is from Xiguan, Guangzhou, and that his former residence is hidden in the busy Yongqingfang.

Iron Road pioneers laid the foundation for China\’s railway network

Turn into Enning Road from Conggui Road in Liwan District. The first alley on the left is \”Twelve Fu West Street\”. The road sign at the entrance of the alley indicates \”Zhan Tianyou\’s Former Residence\” is just 50 meters away. Zhan Tianyou (1861~1919), also known as Juancheng and courtesy name Dachao, was born in Wuyuan, Huizhou (now Shangrao City, Jiangxi Province).Wuyuan County), was born in No. 2 Lane, Shifu Yacai, Ximenwai, Nanhai County, Guangzhou Prefecture. Twelve Fu West Street is a typical Xiguan alley. After walking along the narrow bluestone road for a while, a Xiguan residential house with a horizontal plaque of \”Zhan Tianyou\’s Former Residence Memorial Hall\” appears in front of you. It has a hard top and blue brick walls. , three bays, Tanglong door, Manchuria window… This is the place where Zhan Tianyou was born and grew up. In 2004, Liwan District built the Zhan Tianyou Former Residence Memorial Hall on the original site of Zhan Tianyou\’s former residence and opened it in 2005. On the south side of the memorial hall is the Zhan Tianyou home hall restored according to the old appearance of historical photos, and on the north side is an exhibition hall of more than 100 square meters. The small garden connected to the memorial hall and the Zhan Tianyou Primary School affiliated to Guangzhou No. 1 Middle School has a sculpture \”Young Zhan Tianyou\” by the famous sculptor Pan He, and a replica of the \”herringbone\” miniature landscape of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway.

The locomotive and rail model in Zhan Tianyou Primary School affiliated with Guangzhou No. 1 Middle School.

Huang Feinong, the commentator of the Zhan Tianyou Former Residence Memorial Hall, has worked here for 10 years. Following the order of the exhibition, she introduced the life of Zhan Tianyou whose personal destiny was closely connected with the destiny of the country. \”Zhan Tianyou was born in a family of tea merchants in Wuyuan. His grandfather Zhan Shiluan moved his family to Xiguan Twelve Fu in order to facilitate his descendants to take the local examination. Zhan Tianyou\’s father Zhan Xinghong built a private house in Yacai 2nd Lane after the family split. Zhan Tianyou was born here. \” Huang Feinong said that in 1872, he was only 11 years old. Zhan Tianyou became one of the first batch of government-sponsored students to study in the United States in modern China. In 1878, Zhan Tianyou was admitted to Yale University with excellent results. In June 1881, he graduated from the Department of Civil Engineering, Yale University Sheffield School of Engineering, majoring in Railway Engineering. The Qing government temporarily recalled and returned to China early. \”At that time, the railway was regarded as a heresy, and Zhan Tianyou had no use for it after returning to China. He studied at the Fuzhou Shipping Bureau for three years, obtained the ship\’s \’driving license\’ and became a school teacher. In 1884, he was transferred back by Zhang Zhidong Guangzhou, at the Guangdong Museum of Education on Changzhou Island in Huangpu (later changed to the Guangdong Marine Corps School ) worked as an English teacher until 1888. During this period, he lived in the old house and nearby Fengyuan South (now Longjin West Road). In his spare time, he compiled a six-generation family tree and established his own family tree from the deeds of his ancestors. Life goals: Be loyal to the country, work hard, and be willing to help others,\” Huang Feinong introduced.

The memorial hall retains the only \”Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway Standard Map\” that has survived to this day.

At the end of the 19th century, the great powers competed to invest in building railways in China. At the beginning of the 20th century, imperialism plundered the country. China\’s railway rights. In this era, Zhan Tianyou overcame difficulties and pioneered. Innovate and become the pioneer of China\’s railway self-improvement. \”Everyone learns what he knows and makes the country strong and strong enough to stand on the earth.\” This motto by Zhan Tianyou hangs prominently in the memorial hall. Nong introduced: “In 1888, Zhan Tianyou started working on the railway, and since then, he has not stopped for a day. He used what he learned and with strong national self-esteem and self-confidence, tried his best to organize Chinese engineering and technical personnel to participate in the construction of the Guanwai, Jinlu, Pingli, Chaoshan, Shanghai-Jiaocheng, Shanghai-Nanjing, Jinpu, Luotong and other railways, and presided over the construction of Xinyi, Beijing-Zhangjiakou, Zhangsui, Commercial-Official Sichuan-Han, Commercial-Official Guangdong-Han Railway, etc. , supervised the Hunan-Hubei section of the Han-Guangdong-Sichuan Railway, laid the foundation for China\’s modern engineering, initially expanded China\’s early railway network, improved the national railway regulations and systems, tried its best to safeguard China\’s sovereignty in the railway industry, and won China\’s respected by the people and the world\’s railway industry. ”

Citizens and tourists come to visit the memorial hall in an endless stream.

Zhan Tianyou Primary School sharing the same wall:

The locomotive and rail elements moisten things silently

The memorial hall retains the only \”Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway Standard Map\” that has survived to this day. Donated by descendants of Zhan Tianyou\’s classmate and colleague Liang Puzhao who studied in the United States. As we all know, the shaft was dug.The Fahe \”herringbone\” railway was a creative solution provided by Zhan Tianyou when he was presiding over the construction of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway to solve the problems of difficult, time-consuming and long tunnel construction. Zhan Tianyou overcame many difficulties and delved into innovation, and completed the design and construction of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway in only four years. The entire construction process only cost 6.93 million taels of silver, far less than the originally estimated amount. This achievement shocked China and foreign countries. , which greatly inspired the confidence of the Chinese people. As written in the text, \”This is the first railway built by the Chinese themselves. It must be repaired; otherwise, it will not only arouse ridicule from foreigners, but also cause Chinese engineers to lose confidence.\”

The back garden of the memorial hall connected to Zhan Tianyou Primary School affiliated with Guangzhou No. 1 Middle School was completed with a sculpture \”Young Zhan Tianyou\” by the famous sculptor Pan He, and a replica of the \”herringbone\” miniature landscape of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway.

Standing in front of a yellowed document, Huang Feinong told that Zhan Tianyou was awarded two thousand taels of silver for his contribution to the construction of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. It was built into 178 gold and silver medals and awarded to all project participants as a commemoration. \”In that year, Zhan Tianyou\’s eldest son and second son were given the opportunity to study abroad together. Zhan Tianyou took the initiative to transfer the quota. Give it to those who are more in need and raise the tuition yourself. Because he is honest and generous, Zhan\’s family is not well-off and has difficulty raising tuition. He even pawned his wife\’s dowry. \”

As a senior commentator. As a member of the Communist Party of China, Huang Feinong is very familiar with Zhan Tianyou’s deeds. Despite this, she continues to refresh her knowledge in exchanges with Zhan’s descendants and Chinese and foreign engineers who came to visit. \”Zhan Tianyou is the pride of the Chinese people and is also worshiped by many engineers around the world.\” She told reporters that the number of visitors to Zhan Tianyou\’s Former Residence Memorial Hall last year was 120,000, with an average of one batch of foreign visitors every day. Huang Feinong remembered that a British expert who studied global railways came to visit and chatted with her for an hour or two. He said, \”I have admired Zhan Tianyou for many years, but I regret that I have never been to his hometown.\” The second time he also She brought an English monograph to donate to the memorial hall; a Russian engineer told her, To this day, the pneumatic caisson method is restricted by geological conditions and is still very difficult to use. However, Zhan Tianyou was able to master it back then, which is very remarkable. An elder was one of the first batch of high-speed rail engineers in my country. He came every year and did not take the initiative to tell him until he was about to retire. Her identity is: There is also a Guangzhou boy who is a student at Southwest Jiaotong University.As a student, I also visit every year. I once shared with her that after graduation, I participated in the research and development of the CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Maglev Train.

The memorial hall is connected to Zhan Tianyou Primary School affiliated with Guangzhou No. 1 Middle School. The school trains volunteer docents for the Zhan Tianyou Former Residence Memorial Hall from students and provides services from time to time.

Opening the visitor\’s guestbook, \”Mr. Zhan is a role model for our railway people to learn from\” \”Transportation saves the country, deep love for family and country\” \”Benefits the people of the country\” \”Inheriting good family traditions and embodying integrity\” Energy”…every sentence, every line, comes from the heart. Zhan Tianyou’s spirit and character of pioneering innovation, hard work, strict self-discipline, and feelings for his family and country are still deeply affecting and inspiring future generations.

The Zhan Tianyou Primary School affiliated with Guangzhou No. 1 Middle School, which shares the same wall with the Zhan Tianyou Former Residence Memorial Hall, takes Zhan Tianyou as its name and integrates Zhan Tianyou’s spirit of “doing things carefully and being a sincere person” into teaching and educating people. . The school trains volunteer docents for the Zhan Tianyou Former Residence Memorial Hall from students and provides services from time to time. Volunteer and sixth-grade student Liang Yunyao said: \”Zhan Tianyou puts the country first and has been busy on the railway line, which moved me very much. He must have a good craftsmanship spirit when encountering difficulties, which is also worth learning.\” Chen Shifan, a fifth-grade student, said: \” Zhan Tianyou studied hard during his schooling life, graduated first in middle school, and later had the courage to stand up when foreigners questioned that the Chinese could not build a railway independently, which I admire very much.\” On the campus of the school, Zhan Tianyou and Elements of railways are everywhere. \”On one side of the campus playground, there is a statue of young Zhan Tianyou and a small scene of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway, which reproduces the design of the \’herringbone\’ railway. Children can come to pay homage and learn at any time; the facade decoration of the school teaching building is a high-speed train crossing As shown in the picture above, our class bells do not use traditional bells. The sound of the bell is made from the sound of the train whistle; there are also textbooks, campus science and technology and cultural activities, home-school conventions, school songs, etc., all of which convey Zhan Tianyou’s spirit to the children. And spread to every family…\” said Guo Yujian, secretary of the party branch of the school.

Note: Hu Wenzhong, the author of \”Zhan Tianyou Walking Out from Guangzhou\”, also contributed to this article.

Text/Guangzhou Daily New Flower City Reporter: Wu Duo

Photo/Guangzhou Daily New Flower City Reporter: Liao Xueming

Video/Guangzhou Daily All MediaSports reporter: Liao Xueming

Poster design/Guangzhou Daily New Flower City Editor: Xiao Huijun

Guangzhou Daily New Flower City Editor: Zhao Xiaoman