Types and structures of wooden doors

Types of wooden doors and Structure

According to the opening and closing form of wooden doors, they can be roughly divided into swing doors (Figure 6-1), folding doors (Figure 6-2), and sliding doors (Figure 6- 3) Several other types.

According to the structure and materials of wooden doors, they can be roughly divided into paneled doors (Figure 6-1) and glass doors (Figure 6-1). 4)、 There are many types of plywood doors (Figure 6-5), panel doors (Figure 6-6), fiberboard doors (Figure 6-7), hundred-leaf doors (Figure 6-8), etc. p>

One-way swing doors are commonly used in civil buildings. When the inner diameter of the door is 1.2-1.5 meters wide, it should be made into a double door. One-way swing doors are divided into inner and outer openings. There are two types of openings. Generally, the doors of residences are opened from the inside, which can reduce collision and wind and rain erosion. Most of the doors in public places (such as movie theaters) are opened from the outside, which can prevent accidental obstruction.

Ordinary wooden doors are composed of door jambs, door leaves and hardware accessories. The fixed wooden frame embedded in the wall is called the door jamb, and the opening and closing part is called the door leaf. If a small window is required on the door, the window is called a waist window. (for Liangzi), the names of its parts are shown in Figure 6-9.

The following takes a single-leaf paneled door as an example to introduce the structure of a wooden door (Figure 6-10).

1) Door structure Although there are many types of wooden doors, the structure of the door is basically the same. It consists of two trusses, one truss and four wooden bricks. If the wooden door has a waist window, a middle truss is required. There are two forms for the jointing of the lintels and trusses: if it is \”erecting the trusses\” (that is, first correcting the trusses and then building a wall to fix them), then 120 mm of length should be left at both ends of the trusses. The \”walking head\” is used to fix the rafters when building the wall. If it is to \”support the poles\” (that is, build the wall first, put the wooden bricks in, leave the door pole holes, and then insert the poles), Then there is no need for Zangzi to show up Leave the running head open, and when the rafters are set into the wall holes, use round nails to nail the rafters to the pre-built wooden bricks (Figure 6-11).

When using the \”standing slats\”, dovetail mortises must be drilled on the outside of the stile (against the wall) in preparation for installing dovetail wooden bricks and fixing the door stile (at least two wooden bricks for each stile) when building the wall: The lintels and the middle trusses are jointed with double-clamp mortises and tenons; the lintels are chiseled through holes, and the middle trusses are fully tenoned.

2) Door leaf structure Single leaf panel door leaf consists of twoThe door stile is composed of upper, middle and lower risers (generally the width of the middle and lower risers of panel doors are basically the same) and the door core board.

The door stile and the upper riser are jointed with double-shouldered half-tenons. The door stile is drilled through, and the upper riser is fully tenoned. The door stile and the middle riser are jointed with a double-shoulder single tenon (if the middle riser is wider, a double-shoulder two-part tenon is required) joint), the door is cut through the hole, and the center is exposed The head is fully tenoned, the door stile and the lower riser are jointed with two-shoulder tenons, the door stile is chiseled through, the lower riser is opened on the door stile and the riser, a groove as wide as the thickness of the door core board is planed, and the door frame is knocked closed. Then insert the door core board and nail the trim strips.